MySql安装教程

 

  一、下载Mysql

  http://mirrors.sohu.com/  —-搜狐开源镜像站

  http://mirrors.163.com/   —-网易开源镜像站

  [root@localhost src]# pwd

  /usr/local/src

  [root@localhost src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz

  –2015-01-06 22:30:03–  http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz

  Resolving mirrors.sohu.com… 119.188.36.70

  Connecting to mirrors.sohu.com|119.188.36.70|:80… connected.

  HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK

  Length: 24023347 (23M) [application/octet-stream]

  Saving to: “mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz”

  100%[======================================>] 24,023,347   690K/s   in 56s

  2015-01-06 22:30:58 (422 KB/s) – “mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz” saved [24023347/24023347]

  二、解刚才下载的Mysql包

  [root@localhost src]# ll

  total 23464

  -rw-r–r–. 1 root root 24023347 Nov  5  2013 mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz

  [root@localhost src]# tar zxf mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz

  三、创建Mysql用户和组

  [root@localhost src]# groupadd -g 400 mysql

  [root@localhost src]# useradd -M -u 400 -g 400 -s /sbin/nologin mysql

  [root@localhost src]# id mysql

  uid=400(mysql) gid=400(mysql) groups=400(mysql)

  四、编译安装MySQL

  [root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.1.73

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73 –with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/tmp/mysql.sock –localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/data –enable-assembler –enable-thread-safe-client –with-mysqld-user=mysql –with-big-tables –without-debug –with-pthread –with-extra-charsets=complex –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile –with-plugins=partition,innobase –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –with-client-ldflags=-all-static

  ./configure的最后提示信息,出现以下信息表示正确

  Thank you for choosing MySQL!

  Remember to check the platform specific part of the reference manual

  for hints about installing MySQL on your platform.

  Also have a look at the files in the Docs directory.

  错误:checking for termcap functions library… configure: error: No curses/termcap library found

  解决:[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# make

  make结束后的提示信息如下:

  make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/server-tools'

  Making all in win

  make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'

  make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.

  make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# make install

  make install结束后的提示信息如下:

  make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'

  make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'

  五、拷贝配置文件及启动脚本

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chkconfig –add mysqld

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chkconfig –list mysqld

  mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

  六、做符号链接,便于访问

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/ /usr/local/mysql

  [root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cd /usr/local/mysql

  [root@localhost mysql]# ll

  total 28

  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root 4096 Jan  6 23:55 bin

  drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root 4096 Jan  6 23:54 include

  drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root 4096 Jan  6 23:54 lib

  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 libexec

  drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 mysql-test

  drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 share

  drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 sql-bench

  七、进行mysql初始化

  [root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

  Installing MySQL system tables…

  150107  0:15:52 [Warning] '–skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use '–skip-external-locking' instead.

  OK

  Filling help tables…

  150107  0:15:53 [Warning] '–skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use '–skip-external-locking' instead.

  OK

  [root@localhost mysql]# ll

  total 32

  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root 4096 Jan  6 23:55 bin

  drwx——.  4 mysql root 4096 Jan  7 00:15 data

  drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  root 4096 Jan  6 23:54 include

  drwxr-xr-x.  3 root  root 4096 Jan  6 23:54 lib

  drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 libexec

  drwxr-xr-x. 10 root  root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 mysql-test

  drwxr-xr-x.  6 root  root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 share

  drwxr-xr-x.  5 root  root 4096 Jan  7 00:08 sql-bench

  八、设置目录属主

  [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

  九、以脚本方式进行启动

  [root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

  [1] 53830

  [root@localhost mysql]# 150107 00:18:37 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err'.

  150107 00:18:37 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

  —回车

  十、连接数据库

  [root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql

  Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.

  Your MySQL connection id is 1

  Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution

  Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

  affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

  owners.

  Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

  mysql> show databases;

  +——————–+

  | Database           |

  +——————–+

  | information_schema |

  | mysql              |

  | test               |

  +——————–+

  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

  mysql>

  十一、优化mysql命令路径

  [root@localhost mysql]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/">>/etc/profile

  [root@localhost mysql]# source  /etc/profile

  编译选项详解:

  –prefix=/usr/local/mysql  ———-设定mysql安装路径

  –with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock  —-设定mysql socket文件存放目录

  –localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data   –设定mysql的数据文件存放位置

  –enable-assembler    —–允许汇编模式(优化性能),使用一些字符函数的汇编版本

  –with-mysqld-ldflag=-all-static    —服务器使用静态库(优化性能),服务器端链接参数,本文示例为指定静态编译mysql服务器,(静态链接提高13%性能)

  –with-client-ldflag=-all-static     —客户端使用静态库(优化性能),客户端链接参数,本文示例为指定静态编译mysql客户端,(静态链接提高13%性能)

  –enable-thread-safe-client       –以线程方式编译客户端

  –with-mysqld-user=mysql        –指定mysql运行的系统用户

  –with-big-tables                                  —-在32位平台上支持大于4G行的表

  –without-debug               —使用非debug模式

  –with-pthread                                      –强制使用pthread线程序库编译

  –with-extra-charsets=complex       –服务器需要支持的字符集,有三种可能的值:空格间隔的一系列字符集名;complex ,包括不能动态装载的所有字符集;all,将所有字符集包括进二进制

  -with-readline

  –with-ssl              —-启用SSL支持

  -with-embedded-server    —编译embedded-server,构建嵌入式MySQL库

  –enable-local-infile —–让mysql支持从本地文件导入数据库

  –with-plugins=partition,innobase     —-MySQL服务器端支持的存储引擎组件(默认为空),可选值较多:

  partition:MySQL Partitioning Support;

  daemon_example:This is an example plugin daemon;

  ftexample:Simple full-text parser plugin;

  archive:Archive Storage Engine;

  blackhole:Basic Write-only Read-never tables;

  csv:Stores tables in text CSV format,强制安装;

  example:Example for Storage Engines for developers;

  federated:Connects to tables on remote MySQL servers;

  heap:Volatile memory based tables,强制安装;

  ibmdb2i:IBM DB2 for i Storage Engine;

  innobase:Transactional Tables using InnoDB;

  innodb_plugin:Transactional Tables using InnoDB;

  myisam:Traditional non-transactional MySQL tables,强制安装;

  myisammrg:Merge multiple MySQL tables into one,强制安装;

  ndbcluster:High Availability Clustered tables;)

 

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